PHERECYDES

PHERECYDES
I.
PHERECYDES
Historicus Atheniensis. Meminit eius Germanicus in Arateis, ubi de Tauro, et Pleiadibus. Admodum antiquum fuisse ostendit Dionys. Halicarn. l. 1. Nempe vixit Darii Hystaspidae temporibus. Vide Voss. de Hist. Grac. p. 445. Alius Pherecydes, memorarur Sorano in Hippocratis vita, ubi genealogiam Hippocratis dicitur consignâsse. Vide Laert. l. 1. c. 116. Voss. l. 4. c. 4. de Hist. Graec. p. 400. Nic. Lloyd. Alii Λέριον fuisse malunt, ex charactere eius dicendi Ionico, quô fabulas sive historias suas composuit. uti apparet ex Fragmentis, quae exstant, penes veterem Apollonii Scholiaslem. Fuit autem Leros Ionici generis Insula. Contexuit Θεογονίαν, an peculiare opus, an titulum omnium eius operum, quibus fabularem Historiam complexus est? Quousque autem Mythologiam suam perduxerit, incertum. Usque ad librum duodecimum citatur a Grammaticis: in quo Persei et Actisii Danaesque historiam tractaverat, ut ex Scholiis veter. constat, ad Arganauticωn quartum. Forsan et ad Troica usque tempora descendit, vel etiam inferius etc. Dicendi characterem et genus scribendi quod attinet, fuit id ei commune cum Cadmo et Hecataeo, qui Scriptores tres inter primos prosae orationis et Historiae conditores numerantur, Straboni. Erat autem horum oratio nihil aliud, quam metrum lege solutum; Rhetores λελυμένην ἑρμήνειαν et διῃρημένην et εἰρομένην vocant, eique opponunt τὴν κατεςτραμμένην, qualis Rhetorum fuit, periodis vincta et circumcisa etc. Vide praefatum Salmas. ubi supra.
II.
PHERECYDES
Syrius, Putaci discip. Olymp. 55. de quo Apuleius in Floridis, Quin etiam Pherecydes Syrô exinsula oriundus, qui primus versuum nexu repudiatô, conscribere ausus est passivis verbis, solutôlocutu, liberâ oratione. Vixit regnante Serviô Tullô. Cicer. in Tusc. Qu. loc. cit. Pherecydes Syrus primum dixit, animos hominum esse sempiternos; antiquus sane; fuit enim meô regnante gentili. Etiam aetatem inde cognoscimus, quod magister fuit Pythagorae, teste Iamblichô in eius vita. Item quod Thaletis Milesii praeceptor erat, ut Tzetzes ait, Chil. 2. Hist. 55. ubi et vixisse dicitur temporibus praedivitis Croesi, primusque invenisse eclipses, ac periodos Lunae. Primus omnium de natura et de Diis, scripsit, ut ex Theopompo refert Laertius, l. 1. c. 116. Constabat autem θεογονία eius libris decem. Iis deorum ortum et successionem complectebatur, ut est apud Suidam. Morbô obiit pediculari, teste Aristotele extremo l. 5. de hist. Anim. Divinandi insuper arte instructua, navibus e portu solventibus naufragium praedixit: terrae motus praevidit, etc. Vide Laertium in eius vita, loc. cit. Voss. l. 1. de Hist. Grac. c. 1. Salmasio duo fuêre Pherecydes Syrii, vetustissimus alter et Thaleri contemporaneus, quem inter VII Sapientes quidam numerant, expunctô Periandrô. Hic Thaletis praeceptor quibusdam aestimatus, Theologus fuit, et Θεολογίαν, aenigmaticam illam quidem ac symbolicam, solutâ oratione scripsit; propter quam primus prosam orationem condere in stituisse creditur: phthiriasi tandem enecatus. Alter aeque Syrius: sed Astrologus, cuius ἡλιοτρόπιον in Insul. Syro adhoc exstitisse, suâ aetate, testatur Diogenes Laertius, σώζεται δὲ, inquiens, καὶ ἡλιοτρόπιον εν Σύρῳ τῇ νήσῳ. Quod erat parapegma, quâ solstitia et aequinoctia, nec non siderum orientium occidentiumque significationes, per aliquot annorum ambitum, consignabantur. Hic autem Astrologus eôdem serme aetatis et gloriae flore cum Pythagora viguit, circa 59. Olympiadem: Historicus insuper primus Eusebio et Clementi Alexandrino, quorum hic eum de Dario Hystaspis scripsisse, quando in Europam ac Scythiam transiit, refert, quod ramen huic Pherecydi non convenit, sed Historico seu Mythistorico Atheniensi, quem sicundum Historicum vocat Hieronymus et ponit ad Olympiadem 81. De quibus omnibus vide pluribus disserentem Salmas. Exercit. Plin. ad Solin. p. 842. et seqq. ut et sunra, ubi de Oratione soluta, atque de postremo eorum hic infra.

Hofmann J. Lexicon universale. 1698.

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